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Sand blows like this one were ubiquitous in the epicentral
region following the earthquake, especially in the Rann of
Kachchh, where at one estimate over 1000 square kilometers
of the salt flat were covered with such deposits. Salty groundwater
appears to occur very close to the surface throughout this
area. Ground shaking in the earthquake resulted in liquefaction
of sandy layers below ground. The sand and water then erupted
to the surface like small volcanoes. Similar widespread liquefaction
features were reported in an earthquake that struck the area
in 1819.
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