Dispersion of Pollutants Over the Sea

The recent ecological disaster of the supertanker Prestige along the Spanish and Portuguese coastline and previous oil spills over the last few decades (e.g., Exxon Valdez in Alaska in 1988, Haven in the Ligure Sea in 1991, and Erika along the France Atlantic coastlines in 1999) highlight the urgency to develop methodologies for monitoring and forecasting sea conditions (current field and wave climate). This information can then be used to simulate the dispersion and spreading of oil spills. In recent years, improved weather forecast models, multispectral satellite analysis techniques, and ocean monitoring data have been integrated to provide the necessary input for predicting current and wave activity. Coupled to this database is the popular Vessel Traffic System (VTS) technology, which provides updated information on the characteristics of ships, their locations, and status. In an emergency, the VTS instantaneously activates the pollutant dispersion forecast system.

Exponent has a strategic alliance to work with MED INGEGNERIA, an Italian firm devoted to the study of maritime and coastal environments. MED INGEGNERIA specializes in the application of sophisticated three-dimensional numerical models for simulating hydrodynamic circulation and pollutant dispersion in the aquatic environment. The company has developed a real-time oil spill model for the Ecological Services for the Genoa Harbor. The model interfaces with the VTS, on-line meteorological forecast models, and a hydrodynamic model, to predict dispersion and transport of potential oil spills. The model was able to reproduce the dispersion pattern of the Haven oil spill.

The combined expertise of Exponent and MED INGEGNERIA is ideally suited for solving problems that are multidisciplinary in nature and for developing strategic plans and alternatives. In addition, the team can perform rapid-response evaluations, providing clients with the critical information they need in emergency situations.

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